There are 11 passions which are movements within our souls to either help us: achieve something good or to avoid something evil. The passions are in the lower part of our soul, they are not in the intellect. Have a look at the table below which shows the 11 passions.
Each passion has an opposite passion (except anger)
The 11 passions are divided into 2 groups.
The 6 CONCUPISCIBLE passions are:
LOVE
HATRED
DESIRE
AVERSION
JOY
SADNESS
The 5 IRASCIBLE passions are:
HOPE
DESPAIR
FEAR
DARING
ANGER
Stoics and Buddhists believe all passions are evil. Catholics believe all passions should be CONTROLLED THROUGH THE INTELLECT.
THE 4 CARDINAL VIRTUES
The 4 Cardinal virtues are also known as the 4 “natural virtues”.
PRUDENCE | JUSTICE | FORTITUDE | TEMPERANCE |
We strive to perfect the Cardinal virtues
PRUDENCE is the perfection of INTELLECT – making the right decisions.
JUSTICE is the perfection of the WILL – giving to God and others what they are due.
FORTITUDE is the perfection of the IRASCIBLE PASSIONS – being courageous.
TEMPERANCE is the perfection of the LOWER PASSIONS – conquering lusts for sex, alcohol, drugs, food and drink.
CATHOLIC ARROWS 